salesforce-expert

Overview

This skill provides deep Salesforce platform expertise for development tasks. It covers Apex programming, Lightning Web Components, Flow automation, and declarative configurations.

When This Skill Applies

• Working on Apex classes, triggers, or tests
• Developing Lightning Web Components
• Creating or modifying Flows
• Configuring page layouts or object definitions
• Discussing governor limits or platform constraints
• Troubleshooting Salesforce-specific errors

Salesforce Development Patterns

Apex Best Practices

Trigger Handler Pattern

// Trigger delegates to handler
trigger AccountTrigger on Account (before insert, before update, after insert, after update) {
    AccountTriggerHandler handler = new AccountTriggerHandler();
    handler.run();
}

// Handler implements logic with bulkification
public class AccountTriggerHandler {
    public void run() {
        if (Trigger.isBefore && Trigger.isInsert) {
            handleBeforeInsert(Trigger.new);
        }
    }

    private void handleBeforeInsert(List<Account> accounts) {
        // Process all records in bulk
        for (Account acc : accounts) {
            // Logic here
        }
    }
}

Bulkification Pattern

// BAD: SOQL in loop
for (Account acc : accounts) {
    Contact c = [SELECT Id FROM Contact WHERE AccountId = :acc.Id LIMIT 1]; // Governor limit violation
}

// GOOD: Bulkified query
Set<Id> accountIds = new Set<Id>();
for (Account acc : accounts) {
    accountIds.add(acc.Id);
}
Map<Id, Contact> contactsByAccount = new Map<Id, Contact>(
    [SELECT Id, AccountId FROM Contact WHERE AccountId IN :accountIds]
);

Error Handling Pattern

public class AccountService {
    public static void processAccounts(List<Account> accounts) {
        List<Database.SaveResult> results = Database.update(accounts, false);

        for (Integer i = 0; i < results.size(); i++) {
            if (!results[i].isSuccess()) {
                for (Database.Error err : results[i].getErrors()) {
                    System.debug(LoggingLevel.ERROR,
                        'Error on record ' + accounts[i].Id + ': ' + err.getMessage());
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

Governor Limits Reference

| Limit | Synchronous | Asynchronous | |-------|-------------|--------------| | SOQL Queries | 100 | 200 | | SOQL Rows | 50,000 | 50,000 | | DML Statements | 150 | 150 | | DML Rows | 10,000 | 10,000 | | CPU Time | 10,000 ms | 60,000 ms | | Heap Size | 6 MB | 12 MB | | Callouts | 100 | 100 |

LWC Component Pattern

// lwc/accountList/accountList.js
import { LightningElement, wire } from 'lwc';
import getAccounts from '@salesforce/apex/AccountController.getAccounts';

export default class AccountList extends LightningElement {
    accounts;
    error;

    @wire(getAccounts)
    wiredAccounts({ error, data }) {
        if (data) {
            this.accounts = data;
            this.error = undefined;
        } else if (error) {
            this.error = error;
            this.accounts = undefined;
        }
    }
}

Flow Best Practices

1. Use Before-Save Flows for field updates (faster than triggers)
2. Bulkify Flow Logic - avoid loops with DML inside
3. Use Fault Paths for error handling
4. Limit Subflows to reduce complexity

Security Patterns

CRUD/FLS Enforcement

// Check permissions before DML
if (Schema.sObjectType.Account.isUpdateable()) {
    update accounts;
} else {
    throw new SecurityException('Insufficient privileges');
}

// Check field-level security
if (Schema.sObjectType.Account.fields.Name.isAccessible()) {
    String name = acc.Name;
}

SOQL Injection Prevention

// BAD: String concatenation
String query = 'SELECT Id FROM Account WHERE Name = \'' + userInput + '\'';

// GOOD: Bind variables
String query = 'SELECT Id FROM Account WHERE Name = :userInput';
List<Account> accounts = Database.query(query);

Scratch Org Management

Creation

sf org create scratch -f config/project-scratch-def.json -a my-scratch -d 7

Deployment

sf project deploy start -o my-scratch

Test Execution

sf apex run test -o my-scratch -r human -c -w 10

Cleanup

sf org delete scratch -o my-scratch -p

Common Issues and Solutions

"CANNOT_INSERT_UPDATE_ACTIVATE_ENTITY"

• Check trigger recursion (use static variable to prevent)
• Verify required fields are populated
• Check validation rules

"System.LimitException: Too many SOQL queries"

• Move queries outside loops
• Use collections and maps for lookups
• Consider async processing for large datasets

"FIELD_CUSTOM_VALIDATION_EXCEPTION"

• Check validation rule conditions
• Ensure all required fields meet criteria
• Consider bypassing validation for integration users